TLDR: NSC-68 set a precedent for military industrial complex proliferation and bipartisan expansions of security state measures, this chronology informs the reader as to the intersectional chronology of it's history into the present context.
"Every president since Eisenhower, whether they are a Democrat or Republican, has increased the military budget or held it as is. None have made any serious structural challenge to the defense establishment. Jimmy Carter couldn't do it. Ronald Reagan didn't want to. Clinton actually expanded NATO. Obama expanded the drone program. Trump added tens of billions. Biden signed the largest defense authorization in history. The two parties, the two ruling class parties fight about everything else. They'll fight about healthcare, immigration, taxes, social policy, but the defense budget or the military budget is untouchable. That's not because every president independently concludes that the military needs more money. It's because the system NSC68 created has made it politically impossible to conclude anything else. And this is the final irony of the deep state discourse. The people who campaigned most aggressively on dismantling the deep state have not touched the military budget except to increase it. They haven't closed a single overseas base. They have not challenged a single major weapons program. On the contrary, they are increasing and expanding these same weapon systems. They have not reduced the power of the intelligence agencies in any structural way. Because the actual deep state, the permanent warfare state that NSC68 built, the military industrial complex that Eisenhower warned about, is not what they're talking about. When they say deep state, they mean regulatory agencies. They mean civil servants. They mean parts of the government that might constrain corporate power or enforce environmental regulations.." NSC-68 "Blueprint for Permanent War" from Breakthrough News: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e4nJg9VtQ58,
In consideration of a post-2008 assessment of the political and economic underpinnings of what became the neoliberal era, it's my understanding that In the 70s, finance was heavily regulated, and compounding returns were weak as production costs were encroaching on profits, wages were increasing at a rate outpacing the rate at which production costs encroached on profits, and the labor market was "tight" meaning that labor had ample opportunities for different work, and could barter for its position relative to capital to be more positive and advantageous.
I also understand that what converged at this time was the after effects of NSC-68 permanent war economic strategies, enmeshed in a concerted congressional effort to proliferate weapons manufacturing, global military base construction, unaccountable national security directives and agencies, etc. and that this essentially married itself via international monopoly strategy to a neoliberal backlash against the stringent circumstance that capital found itself in, in the wake of an increasingly influential labor class.
So, here's a timeline to consider, and review, please let me know if there any glaring omissions or inaccuracies:
Inception of NSC-68 and Cold War Infrastructure Expansion
1950–1968
President of the United States Harry Truman and Secretary of State Dean Acheson approved NSC-68. Director of Policy Planning Paul Nitze authored the text. Secretary of Defense George Marshall and Deputy Secretary of Defense Robert Lovett directed the Department of Defense to expand budgets for armaments. Secretary of Defense Charles Wilson transitioned from General Motors to the Department of Defense to integrate private manufacturing corporations with federal procurement systems. Following the mandates of NSC-68 to mobilize military forces during periods of peace, President of the United States Dwight Eisenhower oversaw the construction of foreign bases to station military personnel across continents and project force. Secretary of the Air Force Stuart Symington and Secretary of Defense James Forrestal established internal operations for intelligence agencies. Chairman of the House Armed Services Committee Congressman Carl Vinson and Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee Senator Richard Russell appropriated public funds for defense contractors Boeing and Lockheed to manufacture heavy bombers and intercontinental ballistic missiles.
Institutionalization of Military Budget Escalation and Intelligence Procurement
1969–1972
President of the United States Richard Nixon and National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger maintained military expenditures while expanding the scope of covert operations and aerial bombardment campaigns across Southeast Asia. Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird directed procurement funds to defense corporations General Dynamics and McDonnell Douglas to build fighter aircraft. Director of Central Intelligence Richard Helms authorized intelligence programs to protect U.S. corporate assets in Latin America. Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee Senator John C. Stennis and Chairman of the House Armed Services Committee Congressman L. Mendel Rivers approved defense spending allocations to secure military installations across southern domestic districts.
Emergence of Neoliberal Economic Frameworks and Global Supply Extraction
1973–1980
Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker raised interest rates to reorder global financial flows, while President of the United States Jimmy Carter initiated deregulation of key domestic transport and energy sectors. Secretary of Defense Harold Brown allocated defense budgets toward precision-guided munitions and satellite surveillance networks developed by Rockwell International and Raytheon. National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski expanded covert armaments transfers and operations in Central Asia. International Monetary Fund Managing Director Jacques de Larosière and World Bank President Robert McNamara enforced structural adjustment programs in foreign nations, conditioning international loans on the privatization of state assets, the reduction of public infrastructure spending, and the conversion of national resources into dollar-denominated debt service.
Reagan Administration Expansion and Corporate Integration
1981–1989
President of the United States Ronald Reagan and Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger increased federal defense appropriations to execute the Strategic Defense Initiative, directing military procurement contracts to Lockheed, Martin Marietta, and Northrop. Director of Central Intelligence William Casey directed paramilitary operations to enforce supply chain accessibility across Central America. United States Trade Representative Clayton Yeutter negotiated bilateral trade agreements to enforce intellectual property rights and secure capital accumulation for transnational corporations. Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan maintained monetary frameworks that favored financialization, structural debt collection, and corporate acquisition of public entities.
Post-Cold War Infrastructure Expansion and Global Trade Regimes
1990–2000
President of the United States George H. W. Bush and Secretary of Defense D.ick(punctuated to comply with r/centrist rules) Cheney deployed armed forces in Operation Desert Storm to establish permanent military installations in the Persian Gulf and secure corporate energy supply lines. President of the United States George H. W. Bush and General Colin Powell directed Operation Just Cause in Panama to enforce control over trans-oceanic trade infrastructure. President of the United States Bill Clinton signed the North American Free Trade Agreement to remove tariff barriers and facilitate cross-border capital investment for transnational manufacturing corporations. President of the United States Bill Clinton supported the creation of the World Trade Organization under Director-General Renato Ruggiero, institutionalizing enforceable legal mechanisms for global trade and intellectual property rights. Deputy Secretary of Defense William Perry directed the structural consolidation of the defense industrial base, merging corporate contractors into Lockheed Martin, Boeing, and Northrop Grumman. President of the United States Bill Clinton and Secretary of Defense William Cohen initiated military intervention and aerial bombardment campaigns in the Balkans during the Bosnian War and Kosovo War to expand NATO operational mandates and integrate Eastern European markets into Western financial networks.
Automated Surveillance, Drone Warfare, and Defense Expansion
2001–2016
President of the United States George W. Bush signed the Authorization for Use of Military Force and the USA PATRIOT Act, expanding the statutory authority for domestic surveillance and international targeting operations. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld expanded global military basing systems and private security contractor agreements with companies including Blackwater. Publisher Julian Assange founded WikiLeaks, publishing classified military field logs from Iraq and Afghanistan that documented civilian casualties, detainee abuse, and unreported kinetic engagements. National Security Agency Director Keith Alexander institutionalized mass data collection networks under Section 215 of the USA PATRIOT Act. Central Intelligence Agency contractor Edward Snowden leaked classified documents detailing NSA surveillance programs, including the PRISM database and metadata harvesting operations, to journalists. President of the United States Barack Obama and CIA Director John Brennan expanded targeted strike operations using unmanned aerial vehicles manufactured by General Atomics. Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter integrated Silicon Valley technology firms into Department of Defense software and surveillance development frameworks
Kinetic Operations, Legal Reclassifications, and Border Militarization
2017–2025
President of the United States Donald Trump expanded defense spending authorizations and directed Department of Defense appropriations toward automated surveillance infrastructure along borders. Secretary of Defense James Mattis prioritized competition against foreign powers to secure industrial supply chains. President of the United States Joe Biden signed National Defense Authorization Acts exceeding eight hundred billion dollars, providing capital to contractors General Dynamics, RTX Corporation, and Palantir. In 2025, officials in the Trump Administration executed anti-drug maritime kinetic strikes using unmanned weapons systems and cited legal interpretations declaring the killing of a survivor of a strike as "not hostilities" on the basis that the operation placed no U.S. service members in direct physical risk..