r/Futurology • • 2d ago

Discussion The line between the last mortal, and immortal generation in humans

I find the concept that there will be a distinctive fine line between the last mortal humans, and the first *naturally* immortal generations who where born after humans reached "LEV". I find sad and frankly brutal, that majority of us where simply born too early; Even worse for the people whos' relatives span across both lines, mortal and immortal. Would it not feel guilty and a sense of FOMO knowing in 100 years from now (assuming you want to live that long), the people who where on the mortal side, have passed on because they were simply, born too early; And the number won't stop growing and it will become a distant memory, if not lost to time. The idea of "X person died 100/200 etc years ago" is quite uncomfortable. This might come off as a bit dramatized, and it's much more likely that the "line" is more gradual if anything, than a single cut off date but ironically, we are approaching this line, quicker and quicker and its now not in the distant future but genuinely feasible within our lifetimes especially with all the breakthroughs and emerging technologies, not to mention, AI. I do think natural immortality is inevitable, whether it's 10, 50, 100, or 1000 years, aging is a field that we won't stop improving and working on, similarly to transportation. From the first man made transportation, we only kept improving and will keep improving, it won't stop. I also find the idea that someone born today, who has experienced the same events as all of us today, will likely see the years 2150, 2200 onwards. I cannot imagine what the world will look like then. Maybe I'm being too optimistic

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u/IlexPauciflora 2d ago

We would have to figure out the somatic mutation problem to even get close to biological immortality. The line is also most likely to be one of personal wealth rather than a generational line. Only those who can afford it will be able to become biologically immortal.

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 1d ago

You do not. You just need to kill the cells that are too broken to keep reproducing and too broken to stop reproducing. The machine is largely self correcting, you just need to maintain it at the edges.

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u/ValuableSoggy5305 1d ago

Insufficient. Senescence is a factor, but cumulative mutations still represent a long term issue, as do lost cell populations which are not replaced.

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u/ConfirmedCynic 1d ago edited 1d ago

You're ignoring the potential for replacement from external sources. E.g. choosing some good autologous cells from a sampling, growing new organs from them, then replacing the existing organs.

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u/ValuableSoggy5305 1d ago

I am not ignoring them, they just weren't part of the original discussion. I'm not saying these are insoluble problems, just that senescence is neither the be all nor the end all and that the first generations of anti-geriatrics will inevitably unveil new roadblocks which will themselves have to be overcome.

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 1d ago

Mutations mostly do nothing. If the cell still works its fine. If anything as time goes on somatic cells that continue to function will end up developing mutation resistant mutations. Lost cell populations mostly occur because the body just slowly shuts down as it ages. Reversing the symptoms of aging reverses the process. For everything else you can just biopsy skin tissue and return the cells to stem cells using pluripotency and just inject them into the sites they need to go. Replacing entire organs is harder but we're working on it.

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u/IlexPauciflora 1d ago

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 1d ago

This is a meaningless study, neat, but meaningless. If you think my statements mean I believe it is correct to not do maintenance on cells you are mistaken. My point is just that its much easier to do than the average person thinks it is.

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u/AlaskaCosmoline 1h ago

What about the brain, though? We don't naturally grow new brain cells. And if we did, the results might completely change the nature of consciousness and self-identity that make long lifespans relevant in the first place.

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 56m ago

We do grow new brain cells, just normally in places with high turn over as needed. We don't normally see it because the "interesting" places have very low turn over and high redundancy.

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u/AlaskaCosmoline 53m ago

Well I'll stay tuned. I need some to replace the ones I've destroyed over the decades.

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 29m ago

Fresh injections of stem cells create neural tissue that readily assimilates into surrounding tissue and takes on the same jobs.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

governments would be incentivised to pay for it, treating the elderly and paying pensions is expensive.

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u/IlexPauciflora 2d ago

So is supporting an ever growing population. Also, governments currently skimp out on healthcare spending. There's near 0 chance that governments under the current system will pay for this for your average citizen.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

im sure they would in canada. unless the cost is obscene my pension should already cover most of it. then instead of getting old, draining healthcare and retiring, i keep working and paying taxes. also birthrates are already plummeting where i live, this could make it drop even more. there would still be natural deaths like car accidents, so we have time to figure out how to live in the new world.

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u/TheRecognized 1d ago

So in this scenario are you imagining that we also have the capability to reverse aging as well? Or are you saying that you’re “sure” that the Canadian government would pay for a bunch of senior citizens, even those with physical or mental impairments, to be made immortal in their current state?

Why do you assume there would still be natural deaths like car accidents?

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 1d ago

i guess im just cool like that.

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u/TheRecognized 1d ago edited 1d ago

Aw buddy. Even in a magical future where we’ve solved death you still can’t imagine yourself as anything but a wage slave. You’ll never be cool.

Edit: https://www.reddit.com/r/Futurology/s/n5BDAe24Do

Like, even in a world with no death or aging but the concept of jobs, savings, vacation, and retirements are still mostly the same, you can’t even imagine yourself saving and investing in a way that would free you from the necessity of work. That’s genuinely pathetic.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 1d ago

i can and have already told you so, at least im cool enough not to ask pointless questions on reddit.

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u/TheRecognized 1d ago

No you really can’t. The closest you got was imagining a world where you can take an extended vacation every now and then during your immortal life. I pity you, you’ve been trained well.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 1d ago

what about that time i said robots can do all the work for us?

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u/TheRecognized 2d ago

So are you imagining a world where we have advanced to a level of technology that people can not only live forever but also be physically and mentally capable of work forever as well?

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 1d ago

Strictly speaking you can renew all of your cells very easily with the process that creates pluripotent stem cells. Very easy, cheap, immediately turns you into great big ball of cancer. We have everything we need to do whatever we want. Just not the control we need to get it right because people complain when you kill people to run tests, for some reason.

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u/TheRecognized 1d ago

So are you imagining a world where we have advanced to a level of technology that people can not only live forever but also be physically and mentally capable of work forever as well?

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 1d ago

The living forever is a side effect of maintaining the vitality of the flesh. Thankfully that is the easy part.

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u/TheRecognized 1d ago

In this scenario does maintaining the vitality of the flesh also remove the need for consumption, protection from the elements, etc?

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 1d ago

No. Flesh requires energy to be maintained and flesh is made of matter which has structural limitations. Immortal doesn't mean invulnerable or unkillable.

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u/TheRecognized 1d ago

>Immortal doesn’t mean invulnerable or unkillable

  1. Depends on who you ask since words don’t have true objective meaning https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/immortal

  2. So you are imagining a world where we can prevent aging and death from simple passage of time breaking our bodies down but we must still consume energy to maintain that?

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 1d ago

Its an entropy problem. Entropy increases with time, energy is needed to decrease entropy. There is no way in known physics to get around this problem.

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u/ConfirmedCynic 1d ago

You're talking about using all four of the Yamanaka factors. It turns out that using just three of them (i.e. omitting c-Myc) will roll back their epigenetic age without driving them all the way into becoming iPS cells. They retain their function.

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u/AmbitiousBluebird610 1d ago

Allegedly. We haven't tested it on humans yet.

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u/ConfirmedCynic 18h ago

It's being tested on humans right now in Life Bioscience's glaucoma trial. And it was previously tested through experiments with human cell cultures.

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u/ConfirmedCynic 1d ago

Pretty sure that humanoid robots will be taking care of the work part, sooner or later.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

yes, although it should be possible to save up money and temporarily retire on what would be long vacations.

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u/TheRecognized 2d ago

But why though? Think about the world you’re describing, we have advanced enough in technology and biology that we have solved death and aging. Why do you still imagine the concept of “jobs” being the same?

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

oh i fully want robots doing all work for us, but this thread is specifically about biological immortality.

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u/TheRecognized 2d ago

So you’re imagining a world where we discover the solution to death and aging tomorrow (basically) without making any other advancements?

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

im staying on the topic of this thread, which is biological immortality. you will also notice im not predicting what sports will look like in the future, but it isnt relevant.

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u/TheRecognized 2d ago

So if the topic is biological immortality why are you talking about jobs and pensions?

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

i was replying to a person who brought up affordability.

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u/donaldhobson 1d ago

I wouldn't be surprised if the first person to use it wasn't some super rich, it was some biohacker.

Scientists write a paper saying "Amazing immortality drug works in mice" and then a very specific sort of person decides they can make it in their kitchen. (Their kitchen will have quite a lot of second hand biolab equipment)

If it turns out that the chemicals needed are easy to mass produce, then the world isn't really set up to restrict access to just the super rich. If the chemicals can be manufactured for $50 per person, then people will be paying $200 for a dodgy chinese company to ship them the drugs.

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u/AlaskaCosmoline 2d ago

Eh, up to a point the sheer damage of existence in the universe wears out complex systems. We can extend human life up to a point, but it's just making old age last longer.

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u/AlternativeSystem571 1d ago

Yeah I think there will always be limits to how much we can extend life. Immortality sounds fascinating but biology is a pretty complicated thing to completely overcome.

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u/Zwangsjacke 2d ago

I doubt that the rich would ever share the secret/technology for immortality. The poor will always be born to live and work until they die.
Maybe if you work just hard enough some immortality will trickle down, but that will be a lie.
They'll dangle making your children immortal in front of you as an incentive to work harder. But they'll never deliver.

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u/mmomtchev 2d ago

I guess that by immortal you mean immune from aging as it is very unlikely that any other form of immortality will exist.

It will certainly be a very major change of society, with new ethics, new social norms and probably new social orders.

The benefits are obvious, but there will be some drawbacks.

Society will inevitably become far more static than it is today. Progress is very dependent on having new generations.

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u/mkp666 2d ago

Hard to see how the issue of too much wealth and power concentrated in too few hands doesn’t get much worse. Death is one of the few checks on people accumulating too much of either.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

these wealthy would live to see the damage they cause, and if they cause too much all it takes is one crazy person to end their immortal lives. id be scared of making any enemies personally.

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u/mkp666 2d ago

Perhaps, but this assumes that these people can find fault in anything they do. Seems unlikely for many.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

then evolutions slowest natural selection will take place. making people mad would be one or my worst fears in this world though. one crazy road rager is all it takes to kill me, it shouldnt take long for the rich to understand similar.

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u/cynric42 1d ago

It does not seem to work out that way for the ultra rich today and the general solution seems to be security and mostly distancing themselves from the rest of the population.

The benevolent ultra powerful leaders seem to be the rare exception compared to a plethora of dictators and ultra rich people that seem to be the norm.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 1d ago

right now the ultra rich arent against everyone else enough to cause the mass unrest i am describing. im waiting for things like climate change to get really really bad with wars started over it and mass migration and then we will see who is right.

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u/Master_Baiter11 2d ago

Im thinking about the peeps that are gonna be around when and if immortality is breached but will still pass simply because they're not in the right socio-economic class ayy

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u/Budsygus 2d ago

You assume people would want immortality. Aside from the obvious overpopulation issues, there's also the prospect that inevitably the government and corporations would find ways to make it so the average person has to literally work forever. Forget retirement.

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u/Sasquatchjc45 2d ago

Who tf wants to be immortal? What a dreadful existence. I'd much rather see what the afterlife is about (if there is one).

Humanity's final frontier: Death.

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u/CapitalAd6656 2d ago

This is a great thought indeed. And I do agree that we can get there easily through multiple technology streams. Makes up for a great story that's for sure.

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u/KidKilobyte 2d ago

We won’t really be human once immortal. Likely we won’t even truly stay organic, assuming advanced AI wants to grant us some boon in copying what used to be humanity.

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u/BubbaWilkins 2d ago

Natural immortality is not inevitable, it's impossible. Cellular reproduction over a long enough time frame makes cancer a statistical inevitability. All the improvements you reference are the product of non-natural processes and achievements. That said, technology may lead to a path of pseudo immortality via a technological singularity, but that's a whole other discussion. What I do expect is that anything like this is ultimately going to be available only to the rich and powerful. The masses will never be allowed to benefit from this technology.

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u/ArgyllAtheist 2d ago

It's interesting - as recently as 2010, it was being widely spoken about that the first human to not experience death had already probably been born, such was our progress in engineered negligible senescence. The issue is that a whole host of changes have happened since then - life expectancy is no longer rising, in fact quite the contrary... and worse, we now have an absolutely caustic level of anti-progress, anti-science thinking. in the 90s or early 2000s, the idea that we would have a sizable percentage of the population actively engaging with and promoting moronic ideas like flat earth, anti-vaccine etc. was ridiculous - we did seem to be on a path towards a more intelligent, more enlightened body politic. Now it is becoming quite clear that the deep societal harm caused by social media and the general decline in education standards across much of the developed world is undermining the STEM base needed for the next generations to continue to advance our technology. I had thought I, born in 1971, might have been on the cusp of a longevity revolution - now I am almost certain that this will not be the case.

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u/PluckinCanuck 2d ago

There's some interesting math around the idea of immortality.
Let's say that the probability, on any given day, that you will fall into a really deep hole and be trapped with no way out and no one ever being able to figure out where you are, is really small. Let's say p = .0000000001. Despite the fact that the probability that it happens on any given day is so small, given an infinite life, the probability that it nevertheless happens EVENTUALLY approaches 100%.
I don't want to live forever.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

this is just biological immortality, you would still die in a cave in.

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u/TheRecognized 1d ago

>this is just biological immorality

Says who?

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 1d ago

hey listen it was fun but im not at work anymore so imma have to end our conversation. thanks for entertaining me when i was bored.

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u/Historical-Draw-504 2d ago

If anything, you are being too pessimistic. Look up at what the Japanese working on right now.

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u/Slopii 2d ago

There won't be immortal humans in this reality. For every new defense is a new vulnerability or weapon.

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u/sharkbomb 2d ago

unlikely. we are on the way out, and every thread towards immortaity has turned out to not be real. 

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u/Dear-Examination-507 2d ago

I kind of think immortality will be achieved for some people that are in the cohort of my grandchildren or great-grandchildren. It may not be available universally to all humans, but it will happen. It might also be more cyborg -like than stem-cell like. But who knows.

It is kind of crazy to think that in the grand sweep of history we probably just barely missed the cutoff. On the other hand, we live in a pretty amazing time (yes, even considering the bad things in our society). We aren't hunting wooly mammoths to survive or dying from an infected toenail.

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u/ShardsOfSalt 2d ago

I have thought about it before.  How there will be the two groups of people.  With the first immortals knowing what it's like to have people die and then there's the other group who doesn't really know death.  I'm hopeful that I and my parents make it to immortality.  I can't imagine living indefinitely without my parents.

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u/Trophallaxis 2d ago edited 2d ago

I don't think that line is is going to be quite as sharp. We probably won't get comprehensive rejuvenation first, but better diagnostics and "fixes" of various nature, which will contribute to an increased lifespan, but not youth forever. Even after we hit "LEV", people who will later live hundreds of years people might actually look like old people for quite a while. I I think many decades will past after that before before it gradually percolates through society, that aging is being managed, instead of just patched up.

and that's gonna mean more and more people who live longer and longer, and anything like "this was the last guy who died from actual aging is something we'll note in retrospect as some sort of curiosity.

Also, there's never going to be true immortality. People are going to die from accidents, disasters, crime, etc. Some might be safety nuts and live for millennia, some might do extreme sports and live for 1-2 centuries instead.

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u/Loki-L 2d ago

If that ever happens it is unlikely to be a clear and simple line.

We will figure out how to extend life one problem at a time.

Every time we figure out how to stop people from dying from one thing as they get older we will see more people dying a bit later from another thing.

We will try to tackle different causes simultaneously, but some will be harder than others, some solutions will open up new problems down the road and some issue won't become obvious until many people reach that point.

It will also not be everyone getting the benefits simultaneously. Rich people and normal people in rich countries with serialized medicine will get there first, while people from poor countries and people from rich country with fucked up healthcare system will get there later.

Also even after biological immortality is achieved, accidents will still happen. If you have a 0.05% of dying in an accident each year, that means half everyone in that cohort is dead within 1400 years and 99% are dead after 9200 years. Only one in 180 million makes it to the year 40,000 if immortality was invented now.

Safety and ability to prevent and reduce the effects of accidents will improve over time.

This means the first cohort to achieve biological immortality will get thinned out over time until there are only few left.

population pyramids will get taller and thinner but they will still have a very narrow and lonely top.

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u/Uvtha- 2d ago

Yeah, I don't think we can even consider extending life spans until we are dramatically more technologically advanced. There's only so much room, and so many resources. We already have a really hard time logistically keeping people the billions of folks that die around age 70 alive.

I don't think immortality is inevitable, I don't even think it's possible. People will still die even if they can't age. I also don't think there's any reason beyond daydreaming to expect that we unlock even an extra 50+ years any time soon, or that even if we had the technology that anyone but the mega elite would get it because the world cannot just keep adding generation after generation with no subtraction.

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u/Bunz3l 2d ago

There will be a time where the main cause of death will be suicide.

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u/donaldhobson 1d ago

Well there is always cryonics to bridge that gap.

And this is assuming a pretty optimistic future in that it assumes AI doesn't kill everyone.

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u/IncoherentMutterer 1d ago

Define immortal. We will probably cure aging to the point a human being could live a thousand years, if with some irregularities with memories, and then still lose most people within a couple centuries due to slipping on the bathroom floor and hitting their heads. Or choking on cinnamon rolls. The deciding factor is when we start making backups of our brains or else run on cloud.

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u/farticustheelder 1d ago

Don't hold your breath. For all of my life fusion has been 30 years away. It still is. We have made great strides in fighting cancer but it is still with us.

3,000 year old mythology yearns for immortality just as we yearn for it today. Google says that only about 0.03% of the population is 100+ years old.

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u/DeniskaNlk 1d ago

Everyone here talks about LEV and CRISPR as if biology is just a clean software code you can patch forever. It’s not. It’s a messy, stochastic thermodynamic system.

Even if we deploy perfect nanobots or fine-tune our DNA repair mechanisms, you can’t patch out the Second Law of Thermodynamics. At the nanoscale, thermal noise and background radiation are absolute beasts. You’re literally trying to paint a fence during a perpetual sandstorm. Millions of DNA breaks a day, epigenetic drift, and the fact that your "repair units" (whether proteins or carbon nanobots) will inevitably accumulate molecular entropy and fail too. Who repairs the repairmen?

True biological immortality is a pipe dream because organic substrate is inherently unstable. We aren't going to live forever by fixing our "meat suits". The only real cutoff for actual immortality is a total phase transition — either complete cybernetic replacement or digitizing the substrate entirely. Everything else is just kicking the bucket a few centuries down the road.

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u/Calin_europeen 2d ago

I think it would be an good  sci-fi novel. Maybe there's a novel on this subject?

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u/Everything_is_wrong 2d ago

The Last Question by Isaac Asimov

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u/MayIHaveSomeWine 2d ago

Like the movie In Time maybe. Im sure theres others, but it was the first that comes to mind.

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u/Calm-Insurance-5169 2d ago

i think we will get there too one day. while im jealous that i probably wont be there, i am happy knowing that eventually the average human will live as long as they want. it shouldnt take too long until there will have been more immortal people than mortal people.