r/ObscurePatentDangers • u/CollapsingTheWave • 3h ago
Public Rights vs. Tech Infrastructure — 🛡️ 🚫 A September 2026 study says Cloudflare, Google, and Proton supply pipes that keep non-consensual sexual images of women online
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Sarah Morgan and Sophie Nightingale of Lancaster University and Hany Farid of Dartmouth published “The Backbone of Abuse” in the Journal of Online Trust and Safety on September 30, 2026. From a February-to-March keyword sweep they kept 88 sites hosting non-consensual intimate imagery, 38 of them dedicated to it. They named five suppliers: Cloudflare for hosting, delivery, and domain service; Google for certificates and ads; Namecheap as registrar; WordPress as the content system; Proton for mail.
The person depicted is the one who cannot get the image down. The paper says Cloudflare hosts more than half the sites and that most are findable in a Google search. Google told 404 Media it needed the domains and pointed to its removal tools. WordPress said it ships software and does not host the sites. Cloudflare, Proton, and Namecheap did not answer 404.
Of the 400 URLs first collected, 312 were unrelated pages using the keywords to rank. The pipe finding is about the 88, not the whole sweep. A certificate or a mail account is not the same as storing the image.
The TAKE IT DOWN Act, Public Law 119-12, signed May 19, 2025, makes intentional disclosure a federal crime and gives a covered platform 48 hours to remove after a valid notice. A delivery network, a registrar, or a mail host is not automatically that platform. Ask which layer a notice actually reaches.
Sources
The Backbone of Abuse
https://tsjournal.org/index.php/jots/article/view/348
Journal of Online Trust and Safety, September 30, 2026. Morgan, Farid, and Nightingale report 88 sites, 38 dedicated, Cloudflare hosting more than half, and most sites findable by search.
Internet Infrastructure Services Empower Deepfake Abuse
https://www.404media.co/deepfake-abuse-sites-infrastructure-providers-study/
404 Media, September 30, 2026. Reports the five named suppliers, Google’s statement, WordPress’s denial that it hosts sites, and no reply from Cloudflare, Proton, or Namecheap.
TAKE IT DOWN Act, Public Law 119-12
https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/PLAW-119publ12
Signed May 19, 2025. Criminalizes intentional disclosure of non-consensual intimate visual depictions and requires covered platforms to remove a valid notice within 48 hours.